Forms of Government

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1. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of an absolute monarchy?

   1. A The monarch's power is limited by a written constitution
   2. B The monarch is elected by the citizens for a fixed term
   3. C The monarch rules without being bound by a constitution or elected legislature
   4. D The monarch shares executive power equally with a prime minister

2. In a constitutional monarchy, such as the United Kingdom, the head of state is distinct from the head of government. Who typically serves as the head of government?

   1. A The President
   2. B The Chief Justice
   3. C The Prime Minister
   4. D The Speaker of the House

3. Which of the following is a significant demerit associated with the practice of monarchy, particularly in absolute forms?

   1. A Frequent changes in leadership leading to policy instability
   2. B Lack of accountability and potential for arbitrary rule
   3. C High cost of regular national elections
   4. D Excessive bureaucracy in the civil service

4. Which of the following is a primary characteristic that distinguishes oligarchy from aristocracy in political theory?

   1. A Rule by the majority of the population
   2. B Rule by a single individual with absolute power
   3. C Rule by a select few based on wealth or family ties rather than merit
   4. D Rule by elected representatives of the people

5. A political system where a small group of wealthy industrialists controls government decisions to protect their business interests is best described as which form of government?

   1. A Aristocracy
   2. B Oligarchy
   3. C Democracy
   4. D Autocracy

6. Which of the following is a commonly cited demerit of an aristocratic form of government?

   1. A It allows for rapid and frequent changes in government policy
   2. B It may lead to elitism and the exclusion of capable individuals from lower social classes
   3. C It ensures that every citizen has an equal vote in decision-making
   4. D It is prone to the tyranny of the majority

8. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of an autocratic form of government?

   1. A Power is shared equally between the executive and legislative branches
   2. B The head of state is elected by universal adult suffrage for a fixed term
   3. C Concentration of power in a single ruler with absolute authority
   4. D Governance is determined by a council of elders representing different ethnic groups

9. A major demerit of autocratic rule, often cited in political science, is that it tends to lead to:

   1. A Excessive bureaucracy and slow decision-making processes
   2. B Frequent changes in government policy due to election cycles
   3. C Corruption and the suppression of political dissent
   4. D Over-reliance on foreign aid for domestic infrastructure projects

10. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a merit of autocratic governance in a developing context?

    1. A Ensuring long-term political stability through regular peaceful transfers of power
    2. B Guaranteeing the protection of minority rights through an independent judiciary
    3. C The ability to implement large-scale infrastructure projects rapidly without legislative delays
    4. D Promoting political participation through free and fair general elections

11. In the context of Nigerian political history, which of the following events marked the transition from a republican system to a military regime in 1966?

    1. A The resignation of President Nnamdi Azikiwe
    2. B The dissolution of the National Assembly by the Governor-General
    3. C The overthrow of the First Republic by the military
    4. D The secession of the Eastern Region

12. Which of the following is considered a merit of a republican form of government?

    1. A It guarantees that the head of state will rule for life
    2. B It eliminates the need for a written constitution
    3. C It ensures that the military controls all executive decisions
    4. D It allows for the peaceful change of government through elections

13. Which of the following is a fundamental feature of a democratic government?

    1. A The government is accountable to the people
    2. B The rule of the majority without regard for minority rights
    3. C The absolute power of a single ruler
    4. D The absence of any written constitution

15. A major demerit of a parliamentary system of government, as opposed to a presidential system, is that:

    1. A It lacks a clear head of state
    2. B It prevents the legislature from checking the executive
    3. C It may lead to political instability and frequent changes of government
    4. D It requires a written constitution to function

16. Which of the following best describes a merit of a presidential system of government?

    1. A It ensures faster decision-making due to the concentration of power
    2. B It allows for the easy removal of the head of state by the legislature
    3. C It provides a clear separation of powers and stability in the executive branch
    4. D It eliminates the need for a written constitution

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